Food & Drink

Types of Cheese

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Updated:3/20/2026
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Cheese
Origin
Milk Type
Texture
Flavor Profile
Known For
Parmigiano-Reggiano
Emilia-Romagna, ItalyCowHard, granular, crystallineNutty, savory, umami-richThe 'King of Cheeses' — aged 12-36 months, only authentic from specific Italian provinces, those crunchy crystals are amino acids forming, wheels stamped with authenticity marks
Cheddar
Somerset, EnglandCowFirm to crumblySharp, tangy, earthyWorld's most popular cheese — named after Cheddar Gorge caves where it was aged, ranges from mild to extra sharp, orange color comes from annatto dye not the milk
Brie
Île-de-France, FranceCowSoft, creamy, runny when ripeMild, buttery, earthyThe 'Queen of Cheeses' — white bloomy rind is edible, should ooze when perfectly ripe, Charlemagne reportedly fell in love with it in 774 AD
Mozzarella
Campania, ItalyWater buffalo (traditional) / CowSoft, elastic, moistMild, milky, freshPizza's essential cheese — mozzarella di bufala is the premium version, fresh burrata has a cream-filled center, should squeak when super fresh
Gouda
South Holland, NetherlandsCowSemi-hard to hard (aged)Sweet, caramelly (aged), mild (young)Netherlands' most famous export — young Gouda is mild and creamy, aged 5+ years develops caramel-butterscotch crystals, named after the city where it was traded
Gruyère
Fribourg, SwitzerlandCowHard, smooth, slightly grainyNutty, sweet, slightly saltyFondue's essential cheese — melts beautifully, the benchmark Swiss cheese (despite no holes), croque monsieur and French onion soup demand it
Roquefort
Aveyron, FranceSheepCrumbly, moist, veinedSharp, tangy, salty, blueThe original blue cheese — aged in natural Combalou caves, legend says a shepherd forgot his cheese in a cave and mold did the rest, AOC protected since 1925
Camembert
Normandy, FranceCowSoft, gooey when ripeRich, mushroomy, pungentNormandy's pride — similar to Brie but deeper flavor, iconic round wooden box packaging, baked Camembert is a dinner party staple
Manchego
La Mancha, SpainSheep (Manchega breed)Firm, compactNutty, tangy, slightly sweetSpain's most famous cheese — made from Manchega sheep milk only, distinctive zigzag rind pattern from traditional esparto grass molds, pairs perfectly with quince paste
Feta
GreeceSheep (with up to 30% goat)Crumbly, grainySalty, tangy, brinyGreek salad's essential ingredient — EU protected so only Greek-made counts, brined not aged, over 6,000 years old, TikTok's baked feta pasta went viral in 2021
Stilton
Derbyshire/Leicestershire/Nottinghamshire, EnglandCowCrumbly with blue veinsRich, creamy, strong blueEngland's answer to Roquefort — only produced in 3 counties, traditionally paired with port wine, 'Blue Stilton' has protected name status
Emmental
Bern, SwitzerlandCowSemi-hard with large holesMild, nutty, slightly sweetThe 'Swiss cheese' with the holes — the eyes (holes) form from carbon dioxide during aging, the bigger the holes the more flavorful, cartoon cheese always looks like this
Gorgonzola
Lombardy/Piedmont, ItalyCowCreamy to crumbly (dolce vs piccante)Mild to sharp, tangy blueItaly's great blue cheese — dolce (sweet) is creamy and mild, piccante is firm and pungent, essential in risotto and pasta with walnuts
Halloumi
CyprusSheep and goat (traditional)Semi-hard, squeakySalty, mild, tangyThe cheese that doesn't melt — high melting point makes it perfect for grilling and frying, squeaky texture when fresh, Cyprus protects the name as PDO
Pecorino Romano
Lazio, ItalySheepHard, granularSharp, salty, piquantRoman legions' marching ration — sharper and saltier than Parmigiano, essential in carbonara, cacio e pepe, and amatriciana, made from sheep's milk not cow's
Comté
Franche-Comté, FranceCow (Montbéliarde/Simmental)Hard, smoothFruity, nutty, complexFrance's most produced AOC cheese — over 80 distinct flavor notes identified by experts, aged in caves up to 36 months, incredibly complex flavor profiles
Monterey Jack
California, United StatesCowSemi-soft, creamyMild, butteryCalifornia's original cheese — named after David Jack of Monterey, Pepper Jack adds jalapeños for kick, melts beautifully for quesadillas and nachos
Ricotta
ItalyWhey (sheep, cow, or buffalo)Soft, creamy, grainyMild, sweet, freshMade from whey not milk — technically not a cheese, essential in lasagna and cannoli, 'ricotta' means 'recooked' because the whey is heated twice
Mascarpone
Lombardy, ItalyCow (cream)Ultra-creamy, spreadableRich, sweet, butteryTiramisu's essential ingredient — Italian cream cheese with 75% butterfat, made by adding acid to cream, thicker and richer than any cream cheese
Burrata
Puglia, ItalyCow / BuffaloSoft shell, liquid cream centerMild, fresh, creamyMozzarella shell filled with stracciatella and cream — invented in the 1920s in Puglia, must be eaten within 48 hours, cutting it open is a restaurant event
Époisses
Burgundy, FranceCowSoft, sticky, runnyPungent, meaty, complexAllegedly banned on French public transport for its smell — washed in marc de Bourgogne brandy, Napoleon's favorite cheese, smells terrible but tastes incredible
Raclette
Valais, SwitzerlandCowSemi-hard, melts beautifullyNutty, slightly sweet, aromaticMelted and scraped onto potatoes — 'racler' means to scrape, Swiss alpine tradition, the satisfying videos of melting raclette are an internet obsession
Paneer
South Asia (India/Pakistan)Cow or buffaloFirm, crumbly, doesn't meltMild, milky, freshIndia's essential cheese — acid-set so it holds shape when cooked, paneer tikka and palak paneer are classics, vegetarian protein staple for millions
Asiago
Veneto, ItalyCowSmooth (fresh) to crumbly (aged)Mild (fresh) to sharp and nutty (aged)Two cheeses in one name — fresh Asiago (Pressato) is soft and mild, aged Asiago (d'Allevo) is hard and sharp, versatile Italian table cheese
Cotija
Michoacán, MexicoCowHard, crumbly, drySalty, sharp, milkyMexican Parmesan — essential crumbled on elote (street corn), tacos, and enchiladas, named after the town of Cotija, doesn't melt so it stays crumbly on top

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