Therapy↕ | Type↕ | Founder↕ | Focus↕ | Best For↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) | Cognitive | Aaron Beck | Identifying and changing negative thought patterns | Anxiety, depression, phobias | Most widely researched and evidence-based therapy |
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) | Cognitive-Behavioral | Marsha Linehan | Balancing acceptance and change, emotional regulation | Borderline personality disorder, self-harm, suicidal ideation | Combining CBT with mindfulness and distress tolerance |
Psychoanalysis | Psychodynamic | Sigmund Freud | Exploring unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences | Deep-rooted personality issues, recurring patterns | Free association, dream analysis, the talking cure |
Humanistic Therapy | Humanistic | Carl Rogers | Self-actualization and unconditional positive regard | Low self-esteem, identity issues, personal growth | Person-centered, non-directive approach |
EMDR | Trauma-Focused | Francine Shapiro | Reprocessing traumatic memories through guided eye movements | PTSD, trauma, disturbing memories | Rapid trauma processing without prolonged exposure |
Gestalt Therapy | Experiential | Fritz Perls | Present-moment awareness and personal responsibility | Self-awareness, unfinished business, relationship issues | Empty chair technique, here-and-now focus |
Existential Therapy | Philosophical | Rollo May / Irvin Yalom | Meaning, freedom, death, isolation, and responsibility | Existential crises, life transitions, meaning-seeking | Confronting the givens of existence |
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) | Behavioral | Steven Hayes | Accepting thoughts while committing to value-based action | Anxiety, chronic pain, depression | Psychological flexibility and values-driven living |
Psychodynamic Therapy | Psychodynamic | Based on Freud's work | Understanding how past experiences shape present behavior | Relationship patterns, self-understanding | Shorter-term alternative to psychoanalysis |
Family Systems Therapy | Systemic | Murray Bowen | Family dynamics and intergenerational patterns | Family conflict, codependency, multigenerational trauma | Treating the family unit rather than the individual |
Narrative Therapy | Postmodern | Michael White & David Epston | Reauthoring personal stories and separating problems from identity | Identity issues, grief, cultural dislocation | The problem is the problem, not the person |
Art Therapy | Expressive | Margaret Naumburg | Using creative expression to explore emotions and trauma | Children, trauma survivors, non-verbal processing | Healing through painting, drawing, and sculpture |
Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) | Relational | Gerald Klerman | Improving interpersonal relationships and communication | Depression, grief, role transitions | Time-limited focus on relationship patterns |
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) | Cognitive | Albert Ellis | Challenging irrational beliefs that cause emotional distress | Anger, anxiety, procrastination | ABC model: Activating event, Belief, Consequence |
Somatic Experiencing | Body-Oriented | Peter Levine | Releasing trauma stored in the body through physical sensation | PTSD, chronic stress, trauma | Body-based approach to trauma resolution |
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