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Cancer↕ | Organ/System↕ | Annual US Cases (approx)↕ | 5-Year Survival (US)↕ | Key Risk Factors↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breast Cancer | Breast | 300,000 | 91 percent | Age, family history, BRCA mutations, hormone exposure | Most common cancer in women; pink ribbon campaign; mammography screening |
Lung Cancer | Lungs | 235,000 | 25 percent | Smoking, radon, asbestos, air pollution | Leading cause of cancer death in US; smoking causes 80-90 percent of cases |
Prostate Cancer | Prostate | 290,000 | 97 percent | Age, family history, African American ancestry | Most common cancer in men; often slow-growing; PSA screening controversy |
Colorectal Cancer | Colon and rectum | 150,000 | 65 percent | Age, diet, inflammatory bowel disease, family history | Rising in young adults; colonoscopy screening highly effective |
Melanoma | Skin | 100,000 | 94 percent | UV exposure, fair skin, moles, family history | Most deadly skin cancer; ABCDE rule for mole changes; immunotherapy breakthrough |
Bladder Cancer | Bladder | 82,000 | 77 percent | Smoking, chemical exposure, chronic infection | Often recurrent; painless blood in urine is classic sign |
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Lymphatic system | 80,000 | 74 percent | Immunosuppression, certain infections, age | Heterogeneous group; dozens of subtypes; CAR-T therapy milestone |
Kidney Cancer | Kidneys | 82,000 | 78 percent | Smoking, obesity, hypertension | Often found incidentally on imaging; immunotherapy responsive |
Endometrial Cancer | Uterine lining | 66,000 | 81 percent | Obesity, hormone exposure, Lynch syndrome | Most common gynecologic cancer in US; abnormal bleeding is key symptom |
Leukemia | Blood and bone marrow | 60,000 | 65 percent | Radiation, genetic syndromes, benzene exposure | Includes AML, CLL, ALL, CML; childhood ALL now over 90 percent cure rate |
Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreas | 64,000 | 12 percent | Smoking, diabetes, family history, obesity | Lowest survival rate of major cancers; often diagnosed late |
Thyroid Cancer | Thyroid gland | 44,000 | 98 percent | Radiation exposure, family history, female | Excellent prognosis; rising incidence due to better detection |
Liver Cancer | Liver | 41,000 | 21 percent | Hepatitis B/C, alcohol, fatty liver disease | Rising in US; hepatitis B vaccine prevents many cases |
Ovarian Cancer | Ovaries | 20,000 | 50 percent | BRCA mutations, family history, age | Silent killer; vague symptoms lead to late diagnosis |
Stomach Cancer | Stomach | 27,000 | 35 percent | H. pylori infection, diet, smoking | Common worldwide, especially East Asia; H. pylori eradication prevents cases |
Brain Cancer (Glioblastoma) | Brain | 25,000 all CNS | 7 percent (GBM) | Radiation exposure, genetic syndromes | Glioblastoma took John McCain and Beau Biden; famously poor prognosis |
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