Treatment↕ | Sanskrit Meaning↕ | Typical Duration↕ | Targets↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Panchakarma | Five actions | 7-21 days | Full-body detoxification | Flagship Ayurvedic cleanse combining five therapies (vamana, virechana, basti, nasya, raktamokshana) |
Abhyanga | Loving hands oil massage | 45-60 minutes | Nervous system, skin, circulation | Warm herbal oil massage, often done daily as self-care (snehana), considered foundational in Ayurveda |
Shirodhara | Head flow | 30-60 minutes | Mind, stress, insomnia | Warm oil stream poured continuously on forehead at third-eye point, famously meditative |
Nasya | Nasal administration | 15-30 minutes | Head, sinuses, neck | Medicated oils or powders applied into nostrils, part of panchakarma, treats headaches and congestion |
Basti | Bladder/enema | 30-60 minutes per session | Colon, vata disorders | Medicated oil or decoction enema, considered the most important panchakarma therapy for vata imbalance |
Virechana | Purgation | 1-3 days | Liver, pitta disorders | Therapeutic purgation using herbal laxatives, panchakarma step for clearing excess pitta |
Vamana | Therapeutic emesis | 1 day | Upper GI, kapha disorders | Induced vomiting using herbs, clears kapha from respiratory and digestive tracts |
Udvartana | Upward movement massage | 45-60 minutes | Weight loss, cellulite, lymph | Vigorous herbal powder massage, exfoliates skin and stimulates fat metabolism |
Pizhichil | Squeezing | 60-90 minutes | Joints, muscles, nervous system | Warm oil continuously squeezed from cloth over the body, royal treatment of Kerala |
Kizhi (Pinda Sweda) | Bolus sweating | 45-60 minutes | Arthritis, muscle pain | Herbal poultices dipped in warm oil and pressed on body, targets inflammation |
Netra Tarpana | Eye nourishment | 30 minutes | Eye strain, vision | Dough ring placed around eyes filled with medicated ghee, bathes the eyes |
Karna Purana | Ear filling | 15-30 minutes | Ears, jaw, vertigo | Warm medicated oil poured into ears, helps tinnitus and jaw tension |
Kati Basti | Lower back pooling | 30-45 minutes | Lower back pain, sciatica | Dough dam built on lower back filled with warm oil, localized back treatment |
Shirobhyanga | Head massage | 20-30 minutes | Scalp, hair, stress | Head and scalp oil massage, basis for Indian head massage traditions |
Raktamokshana | Bloodletting | Single session | Blood disorders, skin diseases | Therapeutic bloodletting using leeches or needles, rarely practiced today, ancient panchakarma limb |
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