Business

Biggest Stock Market Crashes

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Crash
Year
Market
Decline %
Duration
Known For
Wall Street Crash
1929NYSE86%34 monthsTriggered the Great Depression; Dow didn't recover to pre-crash levels until 1954
Black Monday
1987Global22%1 dayLargest single-day percentage drop in Dow history; led to circuit breaker rules
Dot-Com Bubble Burst
2000NASDAQ78%30 monthsInternet stocks collapsed; NASDAQ didn't fully recover until 2015
2008 Financial Crisis
2008Global57%17 monthsSubprime mortgage collapse; Lehman Brothers bankruptcy triggered global contagion
COVID-19 Crash
2020Global34%33 daysFastest bear market in history; also the fastest recovery fueled by stimulus
1973-74 Stock Market Crash
1973NYSE48%23 monthsOil embargo and stagflation; worst bear market between 1929 and 2008
Asian Financial Crisis
1997Asian Markets60%13 monthsCurrency collapse across Thailand, Indonesia, South Korea; IMF bailouts required
Japanese Asset Bubble
1989Nikkei82%13 yearsJapan's 'Lost Decade'; Nikkei 225 didn't recover to 1989 levels until 2024
Flash Crash
2010NYSE9%36 minutesDow plunged 1,000 points in minutes due to algorithmic trading; recovered same day
Black Tuesday (1929)
1929NYSE12%1 day16 million shares traded in a single day; marked the start of the Great Depression
Russian Financial Crisis
1998MICEX80%3 monthsRuble devaluation and debt default; collapse of Long-Term Capital Management hedge fund
European Debt Crisis
2011European Markets30%5 monthsGreece, Portugal, Ireland sovereign debt crisis; threatened the Euro's survival
Chinese Stock Market Crash
2015Shanghai/Shenzhen49%3 monthsWiped out $5 trillion in value; government suspended trading and banned short-selling
2022 Bear Market
2022S&P 500/NASDAQ27%10 monthsAggressive Fed rate hikes to fight inflation; tech and crypto hit hardest
Crypto Winter
2022Crypto77%13 monthsBitcoin fell from $69K to $16K; Terra/Luna and FTX collapses wiped out billions

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