Name↕ | Family↕ | Wingspan↕ | Habitat↕ | Migration↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monarch | Nymphalidae | 8.9-10.2 cm | North America | Yes (up to 4,800 km) | Epic annual migration from Canada to Mexico |
Painted Lady | Nymphalidae | 5-9 cm | Worldwide (except Antarctica) | Yes (Africa to Europe) | Most widespread butterfly species on Earth |
Blue Morpho | Nymphalidae | 12-20 cm | Central & South American rainforests | No | Brilliant iridescent blue wings, structural color |
Swallowtail (Tiger) | Papilionidae | 7.9-14 cm | Eastern North America | Partial | Yellow wings with black tiger stripes, tail extensions |
Red Admiral | Nymphalidae | 4.5-6.1 cm | Europe, Asia, North America | Yes (northward in spring) | Bold red-orange bands on black wings |
Glasswing (Greta oto) | Nymphalidae | 5.6-6.1 cm | Central America | Yes (short distances) | Transparent wings, nearly invisible in flight |
Atlas Moth | Saturniidae | 25-30 cm | Southeast Asia | No | Largest moth by wing area, no mouth (doesn't eat as adult) |
Cabbage White | Pieridae | 3.2-4.7 cm | Worldwide | Partial | Most common butterfly in many regions, garden pest |
Peacock Butterfly | Nymphalidae | 5-5.5 cm | Europe, Asia | No (hibernates) | Four large eye spots that startle predators |
Birdwing (Queen Alexandra's) | Papilionidae | Up to 31 cm | Papua New Guinea | No | Largest butterfly in the world, critically endangered |
Viceroy | Nymphalidae | 5.3-8.1 cm | North America | No | Mimics the toxic Monarch butterfly for protection |
Common Buckeye | Nymphalidae | 4.2-5.8 cm | North America | Yes (southward in fall) | Prominent eyespots on wings deter predators |
Comma Butterfly | Nymphalidae | 4.4-4.8 cm | Europe, North Africa | No | Ragged wing edges mimic dead leaves, comma mark underneath |
Ulysses Butterfly | Papilionidae | 10-13 cm | Australia, Papua New Guinea | No | Electric blue swallowtail, symbol of tropical Queensland |
Zebra Longwing | Nymphalidae | 7.2-10 cm | Americas (tropical) | No | Only butterfly that eats pollen (lives 6 months vs weeks) |
Clouded Yellow | Pieridae | 4.6-5.4 cm | Europe, North Africa, Asia | Yes (northward from Mediterranean) | Strong migrant, bright yellow with black wing borders |
Brimstone | Pieridae | 5.2-6 cm | Europe, Asia | No (hibernates) | Leaf-shaped wings, may have inspired the word 'butterfly' |
Owl Butterfly | Nymphalidae | 13-16 cm | Central & South America | No | Giant owl-eye patterns on undersides deter predators |
Karner Blue | Lycaenidae | 2.5 cm | Eastern USA (pine barrens) | No | Federally endangered, depends entirely on wild lupine |
Rajah Brooke's Birdwing | Papilionidae | 15-17 cm | Malaysia, Borneo | No | Emerald green and black, national butterfly of Malaysia |
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