Science

Types of Black Holes

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Updated:4/9/2026
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Type
Mass Range
Formation
Famous Example
Known For
Stellar-Mass Black Hole
3 to 100 solar massesCore collapse of massive starsCygnus X-1First identified black hole (1971), subject of Hawking-Thorne bet
Supermassive Black Hole
Millions to billions of solar massesGalactic center growth, mergers, accretionSagittarius A*Milky Way's center, 4.3 million solar masses, Nobel Prize 2020
Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
100 to 100,000 solar massesRunaway collisions in dense clustersHLX-1 in ESO 243-49Missing link between stellar and supermassive, rarely observed
Primordial Black Hole
Theoretical, any massDensity fluctuations in early universeNone confirmedDark matter candidate, proposed by Hawking and Zeldovich
Micro Black Hole
Below asteroid massHypothetical, high-energy processesNone observedWould evaporate via Hawking radiation, LHC safety debates
Rotating (Kerr) Black Hole
Any massSpinning collapsed star or accretionGRS 1915+105 (near max spin)Described by Kerr metric (1963), ergosphere allows energy extraction
Charged (Reissner-Nordstrom)
Any massTheoretical, unlikely in natureNone observedHas electric charge, astrophysically unrealistic
Kerr-Newman Black Hole
Any massTheoretical rotating and chargedNone observedMost general black hole solution, no-hair theorem
M87*
6.5 billion solar massesElliptical galaxy nucleusM87 galaxy in Virgo clusterFirst black hole imaged by Event Horizon Telescope (2019)
Sagittarius A*
4.3 million solar massesMilky Way galactic centerCenter of Milky WaySecond EHT image (2022), stars orbiting at 2.5% speed of light
TON 618
66 billion solar massesEarly universe quasarTON 618 quasarOne of the most massive black holes known, 10 billion light-years away
GW150914 Merger
36 + 29 solar massesBinary black hole mergerGW150914First detected gravitational waves, LIGO 2015, Nobel Prize 2017
Naked Singularity (Hypothetical)
Any massTheoretical over-spinning collapseNone observedViolates cosmic censorship conjecture if real
V616 Monocerotis (A0620-00)
6.6 solar massesStellar collapse in X-ray binaryA0620-00 in MonocerosClosest confirmed stellar black hole, 3,300 light-years away
NGC 1277 Central Black Hole
17 billion solar massesCompact galaxy nucleusNGC 127714% of galaxy's total stellar mass, unusually oversized
Fuzzball (String Theory)
Any massTheoretical string-theoretic objectNone observedProposed resolution of black hole information paradox

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