SSH Key Algorithms
Algorithm↕ | Type↕ | Typical Size↕ | Year Standardized↕ | Status in 2026↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ed25519 | EdDSA on Curve25519 | 256-bit | 2011 | Recommended | Modern default, tiny keys, fast, resistant to side-channel and bad RNG, designed by Daniel J. Bernstein |
RSA 4096 | RSA | 4096-bit | 1977 | Safe but large | Classic choice, slow signing, 4096-bit used as conservative default in corporate environments |
RSA 3072 | RSA | 3072-bit | 1977 | Acceptable | NIST-equivalent of 128-bit symmetric security, sweet spot for RSA compatibility |
RSA 2048 | RSA | 2048-bit | 1977 | Minimum acceptable | Still ubiquitous, fine until ~2030, smallest safely-used RSA size |
RSA 1024 | RSA | 1024-bit | 1977 | Deprecated | Considered broken, rejected by modern OpenSSH defaults, still lurking in legacy systems |
ECDSA P-256 | ECDSA on NIST P-256 | 256-bit | 2000 | Acceptable | Fast, small keys, but vulnerable to bad nonces (see Sony PS3), NIST curve trust issues |
ECDSA P-384 | ECDSA on NIST P-384 | 384-bit | 2000 | Acceptable | Conservative ECDSA option, required by some US government profiles, slower than P-256 |
ECDSA P-521 | ECDSA on NIST P-521 | 521-bit | 2000 | Rarely used | Highest-strength ECDSA in common use, overkill for most workloads |
DSA 1024 | DSA | 1024-bit | 1994 | Disabled by default | Removed as an OpenSSH default in 7.0 (2015), fixed-size, considered obsolete |
Ed448 | EdDSA on Curve448 | 456-bit | 2017 | Emerging | Higher security margin than Ed25519, slower, rarely used but present in modern OpenSSH |
sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 (FIDO) | ECDSA + hardware token | 256-bit | 2020 | Recommended for hardware | Hardware-backed ECDSA tied to YubiKey/FIDO2, requires touch to sign |
sk-ssh-ed25519 (FIDO) | Ed25519 + hardware token | 256-bit | 2020 | Recommended for hardware | Hardware-backed Ed25519, strongest practical SSH key, YubiKey 5+ support |
RSA 8192 | RSA | 8192-bit | 1977 | Paranoid | Used by tinfoil hats, painfully slow, little real-world advantage over RSA 4096 |
ssh-rsa (SHA-1) | RSA + SHA-1 signing | Variable | 1995 | Disabled in OpenSSH 8.8 | Old default signature type, disabled in OpenSSH 8.8 (2021) due to SHA-1 weakness |
Ed25519-SK (resident) | Ed25519 resident key | 256-bit | 2021 | Emerging | Resident key stored on FIDO2 device, portable across machines with just the token |
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This dataset contains 15 entries, each with multiple sortable, filterable columns. The full table is visible on this page and can be downloaded as a CSV, JSON, or Excel file.
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