Schools of Philosophy
Schools Of Philosophy is a structured philosophy dataset with 20 entries. Its fields include School, Era, Founder. The source values are preserved as a structured reference table.
Every row is shown below and is also available as CSV, JSON, or Excel.
Dataset details
- Table scope
- All 20 rows
- Fields
- 6 columns
- Source
- Not provided
- Data updated
- Not provided
Included fields: School, Era, Founder, Region, Core Belief, and 1 more.
The table contains every record in this dataset; the same records are available in each download format.
Preview observations
- Era groups
- 11 distinct values
- Across 20 preview rows
- Region groups
- 11 distinct values
- Across 20 preview rows
Useful for
- Comparing School, Era, and Founder across philosophy entries
- Building reference tables, charts, or analyses from 20 downloadable records
School↕ | Era↕ | Founder↕ | Region↕ | Core Belief↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stoicism | Ancient (300 BC) | Zeno of Citium | Greece/Rome | Virtue is the highest good; focus only on what you can control | Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Seneca; massive modern revival |
Existentialism | 19th-20th century | Soren Kierkegaard / Jean-Paul Sartre | Europe | Existence precedes essence; individuals create their own meaning | Sartre, Camus, de Beauvoir; 'existence precedes essence' |
Utilitarianism | 18th-19th century | Jeremy Bentham | England | The right action maximizes overall happiness for the greatest number | Bentham and John Stuart Mill; foundation of consequentialist ethics |
Nihilism | 19th century | Friedrich Nietzsche (associated) | Germany/Russia | Life has no inherent meaning, purpose, or value | Nietzsche's 'God is dead'; Dostoevsky's exploration in fiction |
Pragmatism | 19th century | Charles Sanders Peirce | United States | Truth is what works in practice; ideas are tools for solving problems | William James, John Dewey; uniquely American philosophy |
Platonism | Ancient (4th century BC) | Plato | Greece | True reality consists of eternal, unchanging Forms or Ideas beyond the physical world | Allegory of the Cave, Theory of Forms, Republic |
Aristotelianism | Ancient (4th century BC) | Aristotle | Greece | Knowledge comes from observation; virtue is the mean between extremes | Logic, empiricism, virtue ethics, golden mean |
Epicureanism | Ancient (3rd century BC) | Epicurus | Greece | Pleasure (especially tranquility) is the highest good; fear of death is irrational | Often misunderstood as hedonism; actually advocates simple pleasures |
Confucianism | Ancient (5th century BC) | Confucius | China | Social harmony through proper relationships, ritual, education, and moral cultivation | Five relationships, filial piety, the Analects |
Taoism | Ancient (4th century BC) | Laozi | China | Live in harmony with the Tao (the Way); embrace naturalness and non-action (wu wei) | Tao Te Ching, yin and yang, wu wei (effortless action) |
Buddhism (as philosophy) | Ancient (5th century BC) | Siddhartha Gautama | India | Suffering arises from attachment; liberation through the Eightfold Path | Four Noble Truths, impermanence, no-self (anatta) |
Rationalism | 17th century | Rene Descartes | Europe | Knowledge comes primarily from reason and innate ideas, not sensory experience | Cogito ergo sum; Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz |
Empiricism | 17th-18th century | John Locke | England | All knowledge comes from sensory experience; the mind starts as a blank slate | Locke, Berkeley, Hume; tabula rasa |
Kantian Ethics | 18th century | Immanuel Kant | Germany | Act only according to rules you could will to be universal laws | Categorical imperative, duty-based ethics, Critique of Pure Reason |
Phenomenology | 20th century | Edmund Husserl | Germany | Study consciousness and experience as they appear, without assumptions | Husserl, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty; 'to the things themselves' |
Absurdism | 20th century | Albert Camus | France | The universe is meaningless, but humans should embrace life anyway | The Myth of Sisyphus; 'one must imagine Sisyphus happy' |
Cynicism | Ancient (4th century BC) | Antisthenes / Diogenes | Greece | Virtue is the only good; reject wealth, fame, and social conventions | Diogenes living in a barrel, carrying a lamp looking for an honest man |
Skepticism | Ancient (3rd century BC) | Pyrrho of Elis | Greece | True knowledge is impossible; suspend judgment to achieve tranquility | Questioning all claims to certainty; Pyrrhonian vs Academic skepticism |
Marxism (philosophical) | 19th century | Karl Marx | Germany | History is driven by material conditions and class struggle | Dialectical materialism, critique of capitalism, alienation |
Logical Positivism | 20th century | Vienna Circle (Schlick, Carnap) | Austria | Only statements verifiable by observation or logic are meaningful | Verification principle; rejecting metaphysics as meaningless |
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Frequently asked questions
How is Schools of Philosophy organized?
The table starts in the source data's default order. You can sort and filter the loaded rows by the displayed fields.
How much data is available on this page?
This dataset contains 20 entries, and every row is available in the table and in the downloadable files.
Can I download the complete dataset?
Yes. CSV, JSON, and Excel downloads contain all 20 rows. Before republishing the data, review the source and any usage terms listed on this page; dtbse does not replace the original source's licensing terms.
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