History

Famous Recall Elections & Impeachment Trials

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Updated:3/7/2026
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Case
Year
Jurisdiction
Charge / Grounds
Known For
Richard Nixon (Resignation)
1974United States (federal)Obstruction of justice, abuse of power, contempt of CongressResigned before certain impeachment, Watergate scandal, 'I am not a crook', only US president to resign, pardoned by Ford
Bill Clinton Impeachment
1998-1999United States (federal)Perjury, obstruction of justice (Monica Lewinsky affair)Impeached by House, acquitted by Senate, 'I did not have sexual relations with that woman', approval ratings rose during trial
Donald Trump — First Impeachment
2019-2020United States (federal)Abuse of power, obstruction of Congress (Ukraine phone call)Withholding military aid to pressure Ukraine investigation of Biden, acquitted by Senate, Romney only Republican to vote guilty
Donald Trump — Second Impeachment
2021United States (federal)Incitement of insurrection (January 6 Capitol attack)First president impeached twice, most bipartisan impeachment vote (7 Republicans voted guilty), acquitted, fastest impeachment in history
Andrew Johnson Impeachment
1868United States (federal)Violating Tenure of Office Act (firing Secretary of War)First US presidential impeachment, acquitted by one vote, really about Reconstruction policy disagreements with Congress
Gray Davis Recall
2003California, USACalifornia energy crisis, budget deficitArnold Schwarzenegger won replacement election, 135 candidates on ballot, 'Total Recall' headlines, only 2nd successful US governor recall
Park Geun-hye Impeachment
2016-2017South KoreaCorruption, abuse of power, influence peddling (Choi Soon-sil scandal)Massive candlelight protests (millions), Constitutional Court unanimously upheld, sentenced to 24 years, later pardoned
Dilma Rousseff Impeachment
2016BrazilFiscal responsibility law violations (budget manipulation)Critics called it a parliamentary coup, deeply polarized Brazil, replaced by Michel Temer (later also charged with corruption)
Fernando Collor de Mello Impeachment
1992BrazilCorruption and influence peddlingFirst democratically elected president impeached in Latin America, resigned during trial, banned from office for 8 years, returned as senator
Alberto Fujimori (Self-Coup + Later Trial)
1992 (coup) / 2009 (convicted)PeruHuman rights abuses, corruption, autogolpeDissolved Congress in 1992 self-coup, later convicted of human rights crimes, 25-year sentence, daughter ran for president
Boris Johnson (Partygate / Privileges)
2023United KingdomMisleading Parliament about COVID lockdown partiesPrivileges Committee found he deliberately misled Commons, resigned before vote, 'Partygate' — parties at No. 10 during lockdowns
Gavin Newsom Recall Attempt
2021California, USACOVID-19 restrictions, French Laundry dinnerSurvived recall with 62% voting 'No', Larry Elder was leading replacement candidate, cost $276 million, pandemic politics backlash
Joseph Estrada Impeachment
2000-2001PhilippinesPlunder, corruption, betrayal of public trustImpeachment trial collapsed when Senate blocked evidence, triggered EDSA II people power revolution, Estrada ousted, later pardoned
Jacob Zuma (Parliamentary Votes)
2017-2018South AfricaState capture, corruption (Gupta family influence)Survived 8 no-confidence motions in Parliament, ANC finally recalled him, 'state capture' became defining term, later jailed for contempt
Warren Hastings Impeachment
1788-1795United Kingdom (Parliament)High crimes and misdemeanors in India (corruption, cruelty)First major British impeachment trial, Edmund Burke prosecuted, lasted 7 years, acquitted, established principle of colonial accountability

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