Engineering

Types of Robots

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Type
Application
Autonomy Level
Examples
Industry
Known For
Articulated Robot
Welding, painting, assemblyProgrammedFANUC, ABB IRB, KUKAManufacturingRotary joints mimicking a human arm
SCARA Robot
Pick-and-place, assemblyProgrammedEpson SCARA, Yamaha YKElectronics manufacturingFast horizontal movement with rigid vertical axis
Delta Robot
High-speed sorting and packagingProgrammedABB FlexPickerFood processing, pharmaceuticalsSpider-like parallel linkage enabling extreme speed
Collaborative Robot (Cobot)
Working alongside humans safelySemi-autonomousUniversal Robots UR5, Franka EmikaManufacturing, healthcareForce-limited joints enabling safe human interaction
Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR)
Warehouse logistics, deliveryAutonomousAmazon Kiva, Locus RoboticsLogistics, warehousingNavigating environments without fixed paths
Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV)
Material transport in factoriesSemi-autonomousToyota AGV, DematicManufacturing, warehousingFollowing fixed paths marked by wires or magnets
Humanoid Robot
Research, entertainment, serviceSemi-autonomous to autonomousAtlas (Boston Dynamics), ASIMO, SophiaResearch, hospitalityHuman-like form designed for human environments
Surgical Robot
Minimally invasive surgeryTeleoperatedda Vinci Surgical System, MakoHealthcarePrecision beyond human hand capability
Drone (UAV)
Aerial surveillance, delivery, photographySemi-autonomous to autonomousDJI Mavic, SkydioAgriculture, defense, mediaVersatile flying platforms for countless applications
Underwater ROV
Deep-sea exploration, inspectionTeleoperatedJason ROV, HerculesOil & gas, marine scienceExploring ocean depths too dangerous for humans
Exoskeleton
Rehabilitation, load carryingHuman-augmentedEkso Bionics, ReWalkHealthcare, military, constructionAugmenting human strength and endurance
Swarm Robot
Search and rescue, environmental monitoringAutonomous (collective)Kilobot, RoboBeesResearch, militaryCoordinated behavior inspired by insect swarms
Agricultural Robot
Planting, harvesting, weedingAutonomousJohn Deere See & Spray, AgrobotAgricultureAutomating precision farming tasks
Social Robot
Companionship, education, customer serviceSemi-autonomousPepper, Jibo, ParoEducation, elder care, retailNatural language interaction and emotional engagement
Self-Driving Vehicle
Passenger and freight transportAutonomous (Level 2–5)Waymo, Tesla Autopilot, CruiseTransportationAI-driven navigation in complex traffic environments

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